Impact of Continental Drift on Evolution Essay Example For Students

Effect of Continental Drift on Evolution Essay Mainland float has made the assorted variety we see present in advanced plants and creatures. Through a procedure of speciation, the development of the mainlands has had a liberal job all through advancement, affecting and disseminating widely varied vegetation. The Earth’s landmasses were once one, a huge supercontinent considered Pangea that later isolated into two littler ones known as Gondwana and Laurasia. The partition and impact of landmasses has not just made a portion of the valleys and mountain ranges which are huge milestones on the Earth’s surface, however it has additionally united species and separated once more, therefore letting regular choice dominate and lead to the creatures we see today. â€Å"The timescale on which landmasses have floated about is the equivalent moderate timescale on which creature ancestries have advanced, and we can't disregard mainland float in the event that we are to comprehend the examples of creature development on those landmasses. The Process of Speciation Although speciation could be viewed as both a characteristic and an artificial wonder, on account of mainland float it is a normally happening one. The procedure of speciation happens when a gathering of creatures of similar species wind up disconnected from each other. There are numerous cases wherein speciation can happen outside of mainland float, a few models are mountain reaches and huge waterways. We will compose a custom article on Impact of Continental Drift on Evolution explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Mainland float predominantly impacts plant species and creature species that live in a wide range; the floating of the landmasses separated and isolated species in such a manner it was not, at this point workable for them to interact with each other. The non-contact relationship individuals from that species share with one another would in the end bring about hereditary detachment in which it would not, at this point be feasible for those species to trade qualities and duplicate with one another. Subsequently those now discrete species would change themselves for regular choice so they can fit and adjust to their new surroundings. Pangea to Gondwana and Laurasia Up until around 120 †160 million years back, the world was just a single huge supercontinent known to researchers and geologists and Pangea. Pangea saw a huge number of long stretches of creature life, from basic arthropods and plants to reptilian dinosaurs. The entire time Pangea was floating separated, and subsequently took several million years to shape two significant landmasses: Gondwana and Laurasia. Because of the various atmospheres on these two mainlands, types of plants and creatures changed themselves to adjust to their regular environmental factors, despite the fact that they had once lived on a similar landmass. Gondwana contained what is available day Africa, South America, India, Australia and Antarctica leaving Laurasia North America, Europe, Greenland and Europe. Placental Vs. Marsupials †Survival of the Fittest Marsupials developed about 20 million years before Placental creatures did. Albeit the two creatures advanced in Laurasia, marsupials were followed to having developed in southern Laurasia and placental creatures closer to the focal zone of the mainland. On account of their season of development and areas, a considerable lot of the marsupials moved from Laurasia to Gondwana similarly as the split between the two supercontinents were happening. The marsupials spread all through South America/Africa mainland of Gondwana and through that the extension to the Australia/Antarctica landmass. When placental creatures had completely adjusted, there was not, at this point a scaffold interfacing Gondwana and Laurasia, so the marsupials remained on one supercontinent, and placental creatures on another. Be that as it may, the mainlands didn't quit floating. At the point when the landmasses of Gondwana collided with Laurasia, placental creatures therefore spread into the South America/Africa zone. Being better adjusted by and large, they out contended about all the marsupials around there and the marsupials thus ceased to exist. .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .postImageUrl , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:hover , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:visited , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:active { border:0!important; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:active , .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:hover { murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f444 3a7f6863d1a62b .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u38787fdb11f8c6f4443a7f6863d1a62b:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Flight Of The Phoenix EssayThe connect from the South America/Africa territory to the Australia/Antarctica zone finished off, so placental creatures couldn't totally command there. Climate it be however speciation or natural selection, each part of creature life as we probably am aware it has been influenced by mainland float somehow. Geologists and Biologists the same could follow the moving of the structural plates and note the impacts it has on both the Earth’s surface and the Earth’s biodiversity. Mainland float is liable for the assorted variety we find in creatures today, and in the far future it will probably be as yet answerable for it. Informative supplement FIGURE An Alfred Wegner was the primary individual to make the recommendation that all the mainlands were once one. Since he had no verification, he was ignored. We presently know today that the structural plates are in reality moving, and carrying the mainlands with them and that Pangea did in face exist. One of Wegner’s verifications of Pangea was the jigsaw fit between South America and Africa. Picture is graciousness of http://www. canadiangeographic. ca FIGURE B After Pangea and before the landmasses floated to the manner in which they are today; there were just two significant mainlands: Laurasia and Gondwana, as you find in the figure on the left. Picture is graciousness of http://anthro. palomar. edu Bibliography 1. Dawkins, Richard. The Selfish Gene. Oxford University Press. 1976. 2. Van Nostrand’s Scientific Encyclopedia. Volume 3 page 147 3. http://science. clc. uc. edu/courses/bio303/contdrift. htm 4. http://saif181. tripod. com/id2. html Quote by Richard Dawkins. Definition politeness of http://saif181. trypod. com/id2. html. Allude to Figure An in reference section Refer to Figure B in informative supplement

Logophile Definition, Etymology, and Use

Logophile Definition, Etymology, and Use A logophile is an admirer of words. Likewise called aâ word darling or philologos. A related term is logomaniac, characterized by the Oxford English Dictionary as an individual who is fanatically keen on words. EtymologyFrom the Greek, word love Models and Observations I am a long lasting logophile if not a without a doubt verbivore. I have a decent ear and a decent memory for words, its only a sort of spasm or stunt, the manner in which some fortunate individuals can improvise in the wake of hearing it once or check cards at blackjack or spot good luck charms. Bizarre and particular words will in general cabin in my psyche, where they stick around, regularly for a considerable length of time, until I need them. American English has an incredibly rich jargon and we regularly utilize such an insignificant slice of it; I think that is a disgrace, or perhaps it is smarter to state I consider it an invitation.I compose with two word references directly at my elbow . . .. I anticipate visiting my word references over again every time I plunk down to compose. The equivalent goes for when Im perusing and I run over an obscure word: Quaternions? Yippee! I get the chance to go to the dictionary!I know that is likely sort of abnormal. I surmise I am dependin g on the readership of freaks.(Michael Chabon, Questions for Michael Chabon. The New York Times, Feb. 8, 2007)I am a clinical logophile, and in utilizing words, I will frequently go to the Greek or Latin roots; doing so causes me use words more precisely.(Robert B. Taylor, Medical Writing: A Guide for Clinicians, Educators, and Researchers, second ed. Springer, 2011) Jargon Building[The] doubt of new words, a dislike of verbal curiosity, is obtained in school from dismal English instructors still in bondage to Hemingwayesque simplicities. You know their central buzzword from your own school days: consistently utilize the straightforward word, class! Never search out an equivalent word or fascinating outside term. Thank heavens I had a dad who educated the inverse: consistently find the rarest yet still right word. By doing that, a youthful understudy achieves two things. You extend your jargon and you flummox appointed instructive position, in particular the dull teacher.( Bill Casselman, Where a Dobdob Meets a Dikdik: A Word Lovers Guide to the Weirdest, Wackiest, and Wonkiest Lexical Gems. Adams Media, 2010)The Sweetest-Sounding Words in English (1950)While the greater part of the words that [columnist Frank] Colby talks about are proposed by his perusers, Colby reversed the situation in 1942 by asking them: What are the most mellifluous En glish words? The best ten by mainstream vote: mother, memory, Cellophane, bellboy, despairing, belladonna, flamingo, wild, tambourine, lavender. A week ago Logophile Colby announced the consequences of another perusers survey. Mother had slipped a piece, yet was as yet recorded among the best ten. There were eight new top picks. The 1950 hit march: tune, children's song, mimosa, memory, smooth, mother, moonbeam, mumbling, excellent, lanolin.(The Press: Mimosa, Moonbeams Memory. Time magazine, Jan. 30, 1950) Making KingdomsA love of words originates from crafted by messing with language. We learn words by hearing them, moving them around on our tongues and in our psyches like a little kid does as she learns language. An individual who adores language plays with ithears words and connections them with different sounds, different implications, and different words. The examples and hints of language are intriguing to the admirer of words. From these associations, numerous artists discover sonnets. Verse comes as Harry Behn composes (1968) from beginning to look all starry eyed at language. Rebecca Kai Dotlich says in A Kingdom of Words, that a word may appear to be only a word, however an artist can make a realm around it.(Barbara Chatton, Using Poetry Across the Curriculum: Learning to Love Language. Greenwood, 2010) Otherwise called: word darling, philologos

Satyajit Ray’s First Original Screenplay

The film was first considered to occur in a huge house, however Ray later chose to film it in the well known slope town, utilizing the numerous shades of light and fog to mirror the pressure in the dramatization. An interested Ray noticed that while his content permitted shooting to be conceivable under any lighting conditions, a business film unforeseen present simultaneously in Darjeeling neglected to shoot a solitary shot as they just needed to do as such in daylight.. † actuality remains that Ray shot this film with marvelously picked accessible light conditions(read:no reflectors,you dolts! to portray the unpretentious exchange of light and shade to mix in with progress of the storyline! (as an aside beam relates the pitiful story of a Bollywood film group who showed up in Darjeeling simultaneously as beam's team,and were all the while trusting that the slippery sun will show up so they could start shooting when beam had his entire film in the can and got together to retur n home! ) the climactic scene of the kanchenjungha out of nowhere showing up at the penultimate hour never neglects to bring out goosebumps! efinitely suggested. The absolute most important element about this film is the equality of ongoing (all out time being delineated in film) and film time (all out screening time). In any event among the Indian film producers, Ray is the first who had done such investigation and obviously, he succeeded exhaustively. It portrays a continuous occasion of 100 minutes on screen. In this way, so as to comprehend ‘the dramatization' it's prescribed to comprehend his language to the degree possible.It involve previews of different human attributes like pride, effortlessness, licentious wants, neglectfulness, sentiment, gallantry or more all triumph of human spirits over ordinary, social quirk. This occurs in the slope station of Darjeeling, in the lap of nature with the pleasant eastern Himalayas in the background. It is mentionable that the foun dation of all the above characters, their point of view and conduct qualities have been splendidly introduced through arrangement of thoroughly thought out discoursed. Indeed, just discoursed. No third individual accounts. No visual appearance as far as blaze back, dream groupings etc.In truth, the ace narrator has had the option to create such a reminiscent discourse arrangements, that toward the finish of the film, the crowd gain full ability to pass judgment on every single character in the light of individual method of reasoning. It is likewise vital that Ray's characters never outperform the compassionate business as usual. They reflect important psychological conduct and relevant impacts. Be it â€Å"Siddartha† in Pratidwandi or â€Å"Arindam† in Nayak, one can never expect Ray's heroes shaped in ordinary ubermanesque picture as a conspicuous difference to the purported Heroes of Hollywood and Bollywood.It is likewise essential that Ray's characters never outperf orm the sympathetic business as usual. They reflect applicable intellectual conduct and logical impacts. Be it â€Å"Siddartha† in Pratidwandi or â€Å"Arindam† in Nayak, one can never expect Ray's heroes formed in ordinary ubermanesque picture as a glaring difference to the alleged Heroes of Hollywood and Bollywood. Kanchenjungha prove that. The elitist, urban Mr. Banerjee attests egotistically about his expert and materialistic accomplishments. He even admits about his undercover remote issues while charming his darling Monisha.This refined man of his word likewise delineates a common methodology towards conjugality and life when all is said in done. Towards the end he shows an incredibly liberal and open minded demeanor, which is estimable in the domains of overwhelming, man centric affiliation. Any review on Kanchenjungha would stay incomplete on the off chance that it doesn't specify the joining of ‘nature' that emphasizd the shifted temperaments of the film †A cloudy night to propose troublesome conditions, fog to render basic pressure and daylight to depict pleasing settlement.Finally the powerful Kanchengha with all its wonder portray festivity of expectation and yearning. In any case, Ray has figured out how to stay a detached and nonpartisan moderator all through the procedure of the film, which adds to the style of this true to life artful culmination. This Ray film is loaded with symbolism, imagery, analogies and weaves in a couple of autonomous stories together to finish into a comprehension of the human psyche.Coming to Kanchenjunga (the name has a place with the world's third tallest mountain top which is supposed to be slippery to natural eye as it's lastingly obfuscated because of haze), the film follows a gathering of travelers on an excursion in Darjeeling, a slope station †the primary thing that strikes a chord is exactly how laden the film is with illustrations connecting the human brain and mentalities to nat ure's wonders along these lines the thick haze which forestalls our hero (played mesmerisingly by Chabi Biswas) from seeing Kanchenjunga unmistakably is representative of his nearsighted feelings and it is lifted in the last scene where fter stripping himself away from all his past biases, he can see Kanchejunga just because. In any case, at long last, Kanchenjunga stays a film about human feelings which additionally discusses the financial gap and abides into the complex rigid personalities of a few of us. The fitting utilization of the characteristic lighting and climate conditions (might be the best in Ray's profession).

Value Colleges Unveils Best-Value B-Schools - PQ For Undergrads

Value Colleges Unveils Best-Value B-Schools by: Nathan Allen on January 08, 2019 | 0 Comments Comments 2,407 Views January 8, 2019The UC-Berkeley Haas School of Business. Courtesy photoValue Colleges, an online source for college cost-related content and rankings, announced today (January 7) its list of the best value undergraduate business schools of 2019. At the top of the list was the University of California-Berkeley Haas School of Business, followed by The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Virginia McIntire School of Commerce.The rankings were based on three categories: a college consensus ranking, which is described on Value Colleges website as an aggregate ranking including reviews from publishers and students, annual total costs, and early-career salaries reported to Payscale. This formula hits the sweet spot between the most relevant, innovative education and the most reasonable investment for the highest return, the report reads. It is unclear, however, just how those three categories were used or calculated.Following in fourth place on the list is the University of Michigans Ross School of Business and Cornell Universitys Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management. Of the top 10 schools on the list, six are public universities. A dozen of the top 17 schools are public.ELITE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFER SOLID DEALS FOR IN-STATE STUDENTSThe cluster of elite public universities at the top of the list makes sense. For in-state students, schools like UC-Berkeley, Virginia, Michigan, North Carolina, and UT-Austin offer top-notch business education and high salaries immediately after graduating.Each year as part of our Best Undergraduate Business Schools ranking  we ask schools to submit the most recent total cost data as well as employment data. In-state students attending UC-Berkeley will pay around $141,000 total for four years. In 2018, nearly 93% of graduating students seeking employment had landed positions wi thin three months of graduation, with an average base salary of $73,302. Some 61% of the graduating class with employment reported an average signing bonus of $9,559.While 2018 graduates of The Wharton School reported average base salaries of $80,354, the total cost for a degree from Wharton is substantially higher, at an estimated $276,592 over the next four years. Graduates of Virginia McIntire reported an average starting salary of $75,068 within three months of graduating this spring; of those, 62% reported average signing bonuses of $9,313. Considering that in-state students at Virginia have a sticker price of $133,598 — half of what Wharton students pay — its tough to decipher just how Wharton beat out Virginia in Value Colleges list.Theres no shortage of similar examples. In-state students at Michigans Ross School have an estimated sticker tag of $123,866, and this years graduating class reported an average base salary of $72,268, with 69% reporting an average s igning bonus of $8,559. At UT-Austin, Texas residents will pay a four-year total of $112,912; meanwhile McCombs reported the highest employment rate, with 99.63% of 2018 graduates seeking employment securing positions within three months of graduation. The average base salary for that group? $67,347. North Carolina residents attending Kenan-Flagler Business School have it even better. The estimated four-year total cost for in-state students at UNC is $101,252, while nearly 97% of the Class of 2018 seeking employment reported landing positions within three months of graduation with an average starting salary of $66,667.if("undefined"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper["UjXIg"]={},window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].embedDeltas={"100":1967,"200":1892,"300":1892,"400":1867,"500":1867,"700":1867,"800":1867,"900":1867,"1000":1867},window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].iframe=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-UjXIg"),window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].iframe.style.height= window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+"px",window.addEventListener("message",function(a){if("undefined"!=typeof a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var b in a.data["datawrapper-height"])if("UjXIg"==b)window.datawrapper["UjXIg"].iframe.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][b]+"px"});DONT MISS: THE MOST (AND LEAST) EXPENSIVE TOP BUSINESS SCHOOLS or WHY BUSINESS REMAINS THE MOST POPULAR MAJOR Page 1 of 11

The Price Of Poverty At Big Time College Sport - 1549 Words

Every year hundreds of college athletes get their named called to the next level of their sport. All we know is their name and what they bring to the table. We don’t know the struggles of being a college athlete and working day in and day out and not having a living or on the poverty line. The study, entitled The Price of Poverty in Big Time College Sport, shows that the average scholarship shortfall out-of-pocket expenses for each full scholarship athlete was approximately $3,222 per player during the 2010-11 school year. The report also found that the room and board provisions in a full scholarship leave 85% of players living on campus and 86% of players living off campus living below the federal poverty line. These athletes are treading water and can’t do anything about it, so what needs to happen is a group or board of directors need to come together and compensate some of the money received from all their sports and give these men and woman who perform every day an d grind to make the top and give them that light at the end of the tunnel According to a September 2011 study conducted by the National College Players Association (NCPA) and the Drexel University Department of Sports Management, the average football player is worth $120,000 per year to his university, while the average men’s basketball player is worth over $265,000 a year. To some people that is a lot of money for a college athlete but the study says many student-athletes are living below the povertyShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Name of the Game: Unpaid College Athletes1714 Words   |  7 Pagesany opportunity to support the people they idolize. There is no better example of this love than the recent scandal of Antoine Turner. Turner is a college student who has just signed with Boise State University’s football team. Turner lost one parent during childhood, and was estranged from the other. He lived in California with his uncle for some time, but certain state laws prevented him from living there any longer. Without a family to return to in his native New Orleans, Turner had no place toRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1088 Words   |  5 PagesShould College Athletes be Paid? Since 1906 When Theodore Roosevelt established the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to infose and make rule for intercollegiate sports. The NCAA had made billions of dollars out of college athletic increasing popularity. This has fuelled debates whether college athletes should be compensated beyond their athletic scholarship and how and who would do it. While many people argue that college athletes are compensated enough with their scholarship andRead MoreStudent Athletes Should Be Paid1299 Words   |  6 PagesCollege sports these days are a huge money pit, NCAA makes millions of dollars off of student athletes every year. Should the NCAA start sharing the profits with these student athletes, which every year help grow the NCAA brand? It’s an important question that seems to come up every day on television, the internet, and even in the newspaper. Student athletes are going to college on scholarships which are sold to them by coaches, scouts, and other school administration as a commitment to the student’sRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1289 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been end less, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1497 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last few decades college athletics has gained immense popularity since the turn of the century. Many people even prefer collegiate sports to professional sports. Whether it is football or basketball, no matter the sport, college athletics bring large amounts of money to their respective Universities as well as increasing the popularity. Many Universities make millions of dollars off the games and the merchandise they sell. The only reason that the Universities make this kind of moneyRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1469 Words   |  6 PagesCollege sports these days are a huge money pit. The National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA, mak es millions of dollars off of student athletes every year. Should the NCAA start sharing the profits with these student athletes, which every year help grow the NCAA brand? It’s an important question that seems to come up every day on television, the internet, and even in the newspaper. Student athletes are going to college on scholarships, which are sold to them by coaches, scouts, and otherRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1358 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MorePaying College A thletes Essay656 Words   |  3 Pages Most of us have watched a college sporting event at one point or another in our life. Few people actually know and are aware of all the hard work, and dedication college athletes put towards their sport. However, they do not receive a compensation for their hard work. These Athletes are sometimes mistreated physically and mentally, yet the debate over whether or not to pay college athletes is a big debate. One reason college athletes should get paid is because they make millions of dollarsRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1206 Words   |  5 PagesCollege athletics have gained immense popularity among Americans over the past few decades. This has resulted into increased revenues for the(NCAA) and the participating colleges which has fuelled the debate of whether college athletes should be compensated beyond their athletic scholarships. College athletes should be paid because they spend more time doing that than anything else. It s kinda like having a full time job.Athletes form the basic unit of intercollegiate sports. Despite the successRead MoreEssay On College Athletes Should Be Paid888 Words   |  4 Pagessuperiorly achieving college athletes to a different moral standard where they showcase their highly profitable talents for free. College athletes such as Ben Simmons and Lonzo Ball, whose names alone bring in sell out crowds everywhere they go, are not paid, yet bring in insurmountable of profit to universities that not otherwise be possible. This begs the question: Do college athletes deserve to be paid for their time, skill, and profit they bring to the universities? College athletes should get

The Effect Of Various Drugs On The Heart Rate Of Daphnia...

This laboratory exercise was performed to visualize the effects of various drugs on the heart rate of Daphnia magna. The four drugs tested consisted of: Lidocaine, Acetylcholine, Caffeine, and Nicotine. These drugs were designed to have an apparent effect on the average heart rate of the Daphnia. The laboratory exercise was divided into two parts and procedures: measuring the basal heart rate of Daphnia, and measuring the drug induced heart rate of Daphnia. In order to measure the basal heart rate, various Daphnia were obtained and observed under a microscope at 40x magnification for two separate trials. Using the same technique, the drug induced heart rate with each drug (Lidocaine, Acetylcholine, Caffeine and Nicotine) was measured and†¦show more content†¦These drugs were utilized in order to demonstrate the positive and negative effects on cell communication. Cell communication consists of three steps: reception, transduction, and response. Reception involves the bindin g of a ligand and a receptor; transduction is a â€Å"cascade† of actions between molecules and their proteins, and response is the change that occurs afterwards (1). The goal of this laboratory exercise was to observe and determine the effects of chemical agents on Daphnia’s cell communication receptors. Different drugs have different effects on the circulatory system, and with higher concentrations of each, come more serious effects (3). The hypothesis for this laboratory exercise was: if Daphnia were placed into Caffeine or Nicotine, then their heart rate would increase. In comparison, if Daphnia were placed into Acetylcholine or Lidocaine, then their heart rate would decrease. Methods and Materials: In order to complete this exercise, two different procedures were conducted; one measured the basal heart rate, and the other measured the drug-induced heart rate. A sample s basal heart rate can be defined as the â€Å"resting† heart rate. This is when no drugs or altering substances are applied. In comparison, the drug-induced heart rate of a sample can be defined as the heart rate after the drug was administered to the surrounding environment. The four drugs tested on the Daphnia specimens were Acetylcholine, Caffeine,Show MoreRelatedThe Normal Heart Rate Of A Daphnia Magna1552 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this lab was to determine the normal heart rate of a Daphnia Magna and decipher the different effects that various substances had on it. A Daphnia Magna is a species of water fleas and can be located in the Northern United Sates against the coastline of the Atlantic in rocky pools. The water flea’s habitat consists of rivers and streams, temporary pools, lakes and ponds, and brackish water. The Daphnia Magna range from two to five millimeters in length and are shaped likeRead MoreScientific Paper on a Water Flea751 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on the Heartbeat Rate in Daphnia Magnus ï ¿ ¼ Erika Huizenga Ashley Kofahl The Effects of Alcohol and Caffeine on the Heartbeat Rate in Daphnia Magnus Abstract The projects purpose was to determine the effects of alcohol and caffeine on the heartbeat rate in Daphnia Magnus. Our hypothesis is alcohol causes a decrease in heart rate, whereas caffeine causes an accelerated heart rate, predicting that the more caffeine we give the daphnia the faster it

Ethics for Managers for the businesses - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ethics for Managers for the businesses. Answer: Introduction Ethics are such codes through which the decisions and the behaviour of the individual are governed and are based on the morals and values followed by them. In the daily life of any individual, they come across different sort of ethical issues and the same is true for the businesses, where the ethical decisions are faced more often (DesJardins and McCall, 2014). Ethical decisions are made on the basis of integrity and trust and cover complex issues like governance, compliance and diversity (Nill, 2015). IKEA is a leading brand and due to the magnitude of its operations, it constantly has to face ethical issues (Forbes, 2017). The purpose of undertaking this study is to analyse the ethical issues faced by the company; analysing the actions of the company on the basis of its code of practice, vision and mission; and applying certain theories to analyse if the company behaves in an ethical manner. Case Study Ethical Issues In international business, ethical issues are raised quite often as different business practices have to be adopted for conforming to the regulations of different nations. IKEA is a leading multinational company and it faces a number of ethical issues across the global market. IKEA France was accused of spying on its employees. In order to prove this claim, a private detective agency had been hired for spying on the existing and the prospective employees (Morrison, 2013). The former deputy director of communications and merchandising, Virginie Paulin, raised this issue and this issue caused a public uproar in the nation due to the breach of the right of privacy of an individual. As Paulin was terminated, she challenged the same in the court and had to be awarded 60,000 as the amount of compensation (Clark, 2013). This was due to France considering the right to liberty as the pillar of the values of French Republic. Even though the company did not comment on the scandal in public, an internal investigation was initiated and a number of executives were terminated for employee misconduct (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). Another ethical issue which was raised against the company was related to its meatballs, where the product quality was questioned. Back in 2013, the company had to withdraw all the meatballs in its stores across UK and around 20 other European nations (Meikle, 2013). This was due to the fact that when the meatballs were tested by the Czech State Veterinary Administration, there was evidence of horse DNA on the packaging of 1kg packs of pork and beef meatballs (The Associated Press, 2013). Even though horse meat is not dangerous, it was an ethical breach as the ingredients were different from the specifications and the recipes. Apart from stopping the supply, the company also filed police report against the supplier (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). IKEA drivers, in some nations, have such less salary that they have to sleep in trucks are they cannot afford to live in the nation where the work. This increases the chances of road accidents as the employees sleep, eat and wash in their truck, where at times, they are not as sharp as is required for a truck driver (Conway, 2017). The company has been blamed to exploit the loopholes of the law with regards to the EU guarantees to the host nations regarding the minimum rates of pay and particular conditions. By not giving the employees the proper work conditions and lawful wages, the company can be deemed as being engaged in unethical practices. Even though the company was not a direct employer of these drivers, it highlighted its compliance with applicable legislations related to wages and working conditions and the follow up done by the company by conducting regular audits (Chapman, 2017). The corporate structure of the company has also been raised as an ethical issue by the critics. The critics have stated that the corporate structure of the company is very complex and the management structure is highly hierarchical. The company however denied these accusations vehemently and stated that the structure of the company actually made it more competitive. The company has also faced issues related to corruption in Russia where the company has 12 stores. In this regard, two of the executives of the company were fired and the company pledged to be more careful about the same for the future and to ensure that the employees and managers adhere to the ethical standards (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). IKEAs vision, mission and code of practice The company was founded back in 1943 in Agunnaryd, Sweden by Ingvar Kamprand at the age of 17 and transformed it into the biggest retailing company in the world. Till date, he remains the key decision maker of the company (Milne, 2013). The ethics of the company are highlighted from its vision, mission and the core values, along with its strong code of ethics known as the IWAY (IKEA, 2017a). The mission and vision statement of the company is focused upon creation of a better daily life for the different people. And the idea of the business of the company is to support this very vision where a wide range of well designed and functional home furnishing products are made available to a number of people at the lowest possible prices where they can afford such products. The ten core values of the company are Leading by example The constant desire for renewal Enthusiasm and togetherness Cost consciousness Working towards meeting reality Willpower and humbleness Daring to be different Accepting and delegating the responsibility Simplicity Constantly being on the way (IKEA, 2017b). The company tries to create a better life for all of its stakeholders, which includes employees, suppliers, customers and communities. And this is attained through the mission and vision statement, its ten core values and the code of conduct. The code of conduct is drawn for the suppliers and is known as IKEA WAY or IWAY. The practices of the company are influenced by the mission, vision, and code of practices of the company. And this is evident from the profits of the company being raised constantly (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). In 2012, the profits of the company went up by 8% due to the high demand from the world of the products of the company, where the values of the company played a key role (Neville, 2013). An ethical company attracts more customers and IKEA had been named as the Worlds Most Ethical Company by Ethisphere Magazine in the past (Farfan, 2016). Hence, one of the reasons for the company profiting is it being an ethical one. The actions of the company also depict its adherence to the promises made by the company in its ten core values and its mission statement. While the war was still waging in Damascus in Syria, the family of Rana and her children did not have the required money for a safe home. Due to the shortage of money, they only could rent a cinder block walled house where they had no plumbing or mattresses. Red Cross in Norway took an initiative to help such families and so, it partnered with IKEA for creating a copy of Ranas home in their Stockholm flagship store. This was meant to gain sympathy from the shoppers for Ranas story and to raise money for her. The campaign was a success and raised $23.8 million. IKEA worked towards the stakeholder, i.e., communities in this effort where the attempt was made for raising money for the victims of war and also to make people aware about the condition prevalent there (Garfield, 2016). Carrolls Four Part Model of Corporate Social Responsibility The CSR Pyramid given by Carroll is a simple framework which helps in arguing the how and why behind the purpose of meeting the social responsibilities of the company. The main features of the Carrolls CSR Pyramid are that the corporate social responsibility is based on the foundation of profit and the same has to be always given the priority. After this, comes the business need where the compliances based on legislations and regulations have to be complied with. And before the business attains its philanthropic options, it is required to fulfil the ethical obligations (Schwartz, 2011). The four responsibilities which are depicted through the pyramid include: Economic Under this head, it is deemed that the only manner in which the business can survive and benefit the society is by being profitable. For 2016, the profits of IKEA jumped 20% due to its strong sales growth in China (Murphy, 2016). Even though the core strategies of the company are responsible for this growth, the CSR activities undertaken by the company, particularly the 2020 goals and its new sustainability strategy play a key role in the profitability of the company (Singh, 2013). Legal It is the responsibility of the companies to follow the different legislations applicable on it and these include the health and safety laws, the competition laws and the employment laws. All the CSR activities undertaken by the company are thus complaint with the laws. IKEA continues to comply with all the applicable laws and the best practices in different nations when it conducts its business (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). Ethical The companies are required to work in a manner which shows responsibility in ethical and moral manner. In this regard, the businesses are required to go beyond the narrow requirements of the law and take ethical steps while dealing with its stakeholders, which include employees and suppliers. In this regard, IWAY, which is the code of ethics for the suppliers of IKEA, is a great example, where the suppliers who violate IWAY are dropped as the company suppliers (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). This sets out clear expectations of the company from its suppliers to deal with the ethical risks. Philanthropic This denotes the responsibility of the businesses to give back to the society. In this regard, the company has formed IKEA foundation which words for philanthropic and humanitarian reasons. (Source: Guliyev, 2014) Three Key Relationship Attributes As per Mitchell et al (1997), there are three key relationship attributes, i.e., power, legitimacy and urgency. The stakeholders can be identified on the basis of these three attributes. Power denotes the power which the stakeholders have whereby they can influence the firm. So, such group of people or such stakeholders which have the power of influencing the firm are identified and categorized under this head. The second head is legitimacy, which denotes the relationship of the stakeholders with the firm. And the third head is urgency which denotes the claim of the stakeholder on the firm. A stakeholder can fall in one or more groups based on the identified attributes which the stakeholder possesses. By properly identifying the stakeholders on the basis of these three attributes, not only their needs can be addressed, but in time of crisis, the appropriate communication response can be elected. (Source: Cenek and ?stek, 2015) Power The stakeholder group which has the power of influencing IKEA are the shareholders, consumers, the government, creditors, employees, suppliers, unions and community. The shareholders hold the most power of influencing the course of business on which the company operates. The creditors can even lead the company to winding up. The government draws the legislations which have to be followed by the company; the consumers and community give direction to the business of the company; the suppliers, employees and unions have the power of influencing the decisions of the company. More or less, IKEA has treated these stakeholders in an ethical manner and an example of this can be seen in its efforts which it employs to work for the community. Legitimacy All the stakeholders have a legitimate relationship with the company and so the consumers, government, suppliers, shareholders, unions, communities, owners, directors, agents, creditors and employees. Each of these shareholders has a relationship with the company which is properly respected by the company. Urgency The stakeholders which have an urgent claim on the organization include the creditors whose debts remain unpaid; the government for the outstanding tax liabilities or the penalties arising out of insider trading, tax evasion or the like; the shareholders in case of the affairs of the company being mismanaged or in cases of oppression; the consumers in case of the product of the company being not up to the mark as was the case with the meatballs of IKEA; and the employees, in case where they are not being given the requisite pay or work conditions, as was seen in the case of the truck drivers hired by the contractors for IKEA. Even though in other matters, the company did behave ethical, in the view of the writer, the manner in which the company reacted towards the plight of the truck driver was not ethical. Opinion In the opinion of the writer, IKEA treats all of its stakeholders in ethical manner as it attempts to create a better life for all of its stakeholders, which includes all the stakeholders groups, instead of being concentrated upon a single group. This is strongly stemmed from its core values, code of conduct, strong vision statement and the direct actions undertaken by the company. IKEA stays transparent with its stakeholders and continues to provide regular disclosures so as to help in this regard. Even though there had been some issues faced with the employee as stakeholders but they were not direct stakeholders of the company, and instead these truck drivers had been hired by independent contractors. And yet, the company felt the pain of these stakeholders when an incident surrounding them occurred. This is particularly important when it comes to the employees of the company as the company understands the pain and view of their employees and also teaches them humility, simplicity, responsibility and thrift so that when they interact with others, ethics are upheld (Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative, 2014). The work of the company towards sustainability is another great initiative of the company, where it has invested in plastic recycling plant as a step towards sustainability (Gould, 2017). For the community, the company has decided to sell the textile and rugs made by the Syrian refugees from 2019 for providing job opportunities to the ones who had been displaced by civil war (Rodionova, 2017). When the company treats its stakeholders in the right manner, the stakeholders contribute towards its success, which translates into the revenues of the company. The evidence of this can be seen in the reason why the company earns $1 billion in profits as being mostly tax-free (Chenoweth, 2014). All this points towards IKEA being ethical in its conduct towards the stakeholders and this is prominent from the various steps taken by the company towards different stakeholder groups. Just because a company faces hardships or certain issues, it does not mean that the company is unethical. Instead, th e manner in which these issues are handled depicts the ethical behaviour of the company. Recommendations The discussion conducted above has opened up different recommendations which can be adopted by the company for being more ethical in the future. In this regard there are some specific and some general recommendations which have to be followed by the company and both of these have been stated below. General There is a need for the companies to formulate ethical policies in a practical manner. The company has to work in a manner where the interests of the stakeholders are not breached; and instead, are honoured. Making ethical practices a part of the hiring process of the company, so that every individual is aware of the significance given to ethics in the company. Ensuring that the staff members are aware about what has to be done in case they face an ethical dilemma and conducting regular trainings where the employees are educated about the same. There is a strict need for enforcing the ethical standards in an even and stringent manner (Cummings, 2013). The company has to be ethical in a consistent manner. Most importantly, the company has to lead with morals and set examples for being ethically correct. It is also important that the company gives back to the community (Turchetti, 2017). Specific The company needs to check and also double check the different laws which are applicable on the company and be clear that spying is a violation of the privacy of an individual which has to be avoided at all costs. There is also a need to respect the human rights, particularly with regards to the privacy rights and also the almost inhumane treatment of the truck drivers, where they are paid way too less and even do not have a place to sleep properly. The company has to take proactive steps in ensuring that it is responsible. There is a need for the supply chain management of the company to be more proactive and be more effective. This is important so that the company can check the supplies being made to it and by it, and ensure that the product being offered to the consumers is authentic. In this regard, the country where the product originated and the details regarding the slaughter need to be clearly included in the labels, so that the freshness and quality of the product can be ensured. This is all the more important where frozen products are being extended to new categories of food and the processed food is gaining popularity. In this regard, it is important to ensure that the product is safe and fresh for human consumption. The company also needs to think about the sourcing of its products and even take steps towards forestry so as to be more ecologically friendly. In the time of CSR being a popular concept, the company has to take steps towards protection of the environment, while at the same time, bringing out such products which are fresh and are not contaminated. In this regard, the company should not use such suppliers who use the woods originating from natural reserves, national parks or any area which has been declared as having high conservative value by the government. By opting for own forestry, this can be ensured. Conclusion To effectively summarize the discussion which has taken place in the preceding parts, it becomes very clear that ethics is a substantial part of the business of the company. IKEA is a very ethical company and is constantly engaged in efforts for conducting its business in an ethical manner. Though, despite these efforts, the company has had to face certain ethical issues in the past, which were majorly dealt in an effective manner by the company. However, where the company lacked, certain recommendations have been drawn, by adopting which, IKEA can restrict, if not eliminate, the ethical issues being faced by it. References Cenek, M., and ?stek, A. (2015) A Survey of Stakeholder Visualization Approaches. 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